History records a conversation which Emperor Gaozu had with Pei Ji10 soon after coming to power. The emperor says: [i]n the end the collapse of the Sui was due to the deceit practiced on each other by both high and low officials, the emperor’s own arrogance and complacency, the fawning attitude of his advisers and their failure, in terms of loyalty, to criticize the emperor’s mistakes. All these things brought about the destruction of the dynasty and the emperor with it. Whereas, I (Emperor Gaozu) have brought order out of chaos, to the satisfaction of the officials. In rebellious times military officials are needed to restore order, but times of peace call for civilian officials. In this way each can exploit their respective talents and so errors can be corrected.” (Old Book of Tang: Biography of Sun Fuqie – Jiutangshu: Sun Fu Jia Zhuan)
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